Bits Track Summary

Comparisons of C++, Rust, C#, Python, and JavaScript

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Bits Index

Bits Track Summary

Overview of Bits

Bits Repository

Document for Bits code repository

Introduction

Initial language comparisons

Tooling

Compilers, builders, VS Code IDE

C++ Hello

"Hello World" program with links to Rust, C#, Python, and JavaScript

C++ Data

Basic types and instances

C++ Objects

Standard and user-defined types

C++ Generics

Generic types and functions

C++ Iteration

Iterators and iteration

Figure 1. C++ Hello World

Figure 2. Rust Hello World

Figure 3. C# Hello World

Figure 4. Python Hello World

Figure 5. JavaScript Hello World

"Great things are done by a series of small things brought together."
- Vincent Van Gogh

This Bits Track helps you get started with one or more programming languages by providing comparisons with another language you know how to use.

Specifically it compares small programs written in C++, Rust, C#, Python, and JavaScript. It does that by developing, for each language, a series of programs that focus on getting started, data, objects, generics, and iteration.

What are Bits?

Comparisons of compilable language fragments
- C++ compiles to native code, is fast, flexible, and complex
- Rust compiles to native code, is fast, flexible, and mostly simple
- C# compiles to managed bytecode, is jitted at load time, is flexible, but lower throughput and higher latency than C++ or Rust.
- Python is dynamic code, interpreted into code blocks, translated at run-time, is simple and flexible, but slower than C#.
- JavaScript is dynamic code, interpreted at load time, executed in an event loop, is slower than C#.
For each language a series of learning levels
- Introduction
  - Language Definitions
  - Comparison of language features
- Tooling
- Code levels

Bits are small fragments of code, like that shown in Figure 1., written in each of five commonly used languages: C++, Rust, C#, Python, and JavaScript.

The purpose is to learn or refresh your knowledge of a language based on comparisons with code from another familiar language.

Bits show:

how to acquire and setup tools from each of the five languages
write a simple "Hello World" program to test the installations
Basics of each language type system
How to use library types
How to create and use custom types
How to create generic functions and types, ...
How to use iterators

First Bit

Most of the code examples are accompanied by executable code running in Compiler Explorer.

Comparison of five languages with Highs and Lows for each.